Essay --

Until the mid 1900’s the information that the world had of chimpanzees was pretty much nothing. Individuals thought chimpanzees were basic warm blooded animals that were not remarkable in any case. Analysts were just ready to consider the chimpanzees in research facility situations. This kind of examination prompted little data. Researchers understood the most ideal approach to learn more was to go live with them. At long last a youngster, Jane Goodall, went through over 30 years in Africa living with these creatures. On April 3, 1934 Jane was conceived and still keeps on living today. Jane experienced childhood in London, England, however then went through over 30 years in Africa considering chimpanzees. One toy that Jane got one Christmas had changed her life until the end of time. One Christmas she had gotten a plush toy, a chimpanzee, and quickly went gaga for chimpanzees. Jane would do investigate on chimpanzees consistently for quite a while until she was twelve. At age twelve she created a general public that helped creatures and she would let anybody participate to help. She traversed grade school and graduated secondary school in 1952. Jane and her family couldn't bear the cost of for her to head off to college. Rather than Jane attending a university she found a new line of work as a server and functioned as a secretary at Oxford University. In 1956 Jane was welcomed by a companion to come to Kenya and remain on their homestead with them. She had lived with them for around five years and afterward got requested to go to the Gombe woods to contemplate the chimpanzees. Jane had begun her examination in the Gombe backwoods in the 1960’s. The individuals that had sent Jane said she was not permitted to pass without anyone else, so Jane brought her mom. They had begun at the highest point of a mountain and gradually descended to watch the chimpanzees according to each perspective. Jane would put bananas out o... ...e to think about the chimpanzees and her experience. In the event that Jane had never gone through over thirty years in Africa doing this difficult work for chimpanzees, chimpanzees would be wiped out or jeopardized. Little data would be known, and individuals would in any case think chimpanzees were simply straightforward well evolved creatures. Rather, Jane did this just for the world and condition. She discovered a lot of data and took that information back to impart to the world. Jane discovered that these creatures were so one of a kind thus exceptionally humanlike. She is an extremely diligent employee and invests such a great amount of exertion in everything she does. She has an extraordinary involvement in creatures and can work incredible with them. This is the reason specialists picked Jane to contemplate chimpanzees and do this difficult work for the individuals. Jane supports everybody that they can change the world in any case and needs individuals to emulate her example.

Future Developments of Video Games Essay

The field of computer games is one of the most energizing since it is continually creating and progressing so rapidly. Dissimilar to a great deal of territories of ICT which have arrived at a degree of solidness, all pieces of games, gaming and games improvement are as yet developing and will keep on developing. This implies there is the potential for people to have totally new thoughts and be the first to make something in the field. The fame of games is developing exponentially, with an ever increasing number of individuals finding an intrigue and energy for games constantly. A game currently will arrive at an a lot bigger, universal crowd and games engineers can carry satisfaction to a huge swath of individuals. Support makers, games engineers and other engaged with the game business and famously mysterious about new undertakings being created until they are practically prepared for declaration and discharge †and still, at the end of the day once in a while games and items can be dropped at last. All representatives working in the business need to consent to a non-divulgence arrangement (NDA) more often than not which denies them lawfully from uncovering any of their company’s mysteries. Discharging any data about an item might risk its deals. Innovation advances in incredibly fast speeds. In the event that you need any genuine discernible confirmation of the fast progression of advanced innovation throughout the years, investigate the gaming business. From the early long stretches of high contrast 2D games like Pong (1972) to the principal 3D game, 3D Monster Maze in 1981, and from crude first-individual shooters like Wolfenstein 3D (1992) to complex, life-like shooters like Battlefield 3 (2011), there’s almost certainly that the gaming business has seen a considerable amount of mechanical advancement. Equipment Developments Each new age of comfort equipment utilized the fast improvement of handling innovation. More up to date machines could yield a more noteworthy scope of hues, more sprites, and presented graphical innovations, for example, scaling, and vector designs. One way comfort producers advertised these advances to customers was through the estimation of â€Å"bits†. The TurboGrafx-16, Sega Genesis, and SNES were among the primary consoles to promote the way that they contained 16-piece processors. This fourth era of support equipment was frequently alluded to as the 16-piece time, and the past age as the 8-piece. The bit-estimation of a comfort alluded to the word length of a console’s processor (despite the fact that the worth was now and again abused, for instance the TurboGrafx 16 had just a 8-piece CPU, and the Genesis/Mega Drive had the 16/32-piece Motorola 68000, yet both had a 16-piece committed illustrations processor). As the graphical presentation of reassure equipment is reliant on numerous components, utilizing bits was a rough method to measure a console’s in general capacity. For instance the NES, Commodore 64, Apple II, and Atari 2600 all utilized a fundamentally the same as 8-piece cpu. The distinction in their preparing power is because of different causes. For instance the Commodore 64 contains 64 kilobytes of RAM and the Atari has considerably less at 128 bytes of RAM. The bounce from 8 piece machines to 16 piece machines to 32 piece machines had a recognizable effect in execution, so supports from specific ages are as often as possible alluded to as 8 piece or 16 piece reassures. In any case, the â€Å"bits† in a comfort are not, at this point a main consideration in their exhibition. The Nintendo 64, for instance has been outpaced by a few 32 piece machines. It’s just inescapable that gaming equipment is going to continually be improved, with all the more preparing power, designs abilities, sound quality and memory limit. The information strategy utilizing a controller has radically evolved throughout the years starting with an awkward controller and straightforward joystick on arcade games, the computer game controller has advanced to be ergonomically intended to feel good to stay away from wounds, for example, the ones in the dreary strain injury gathering or carpal passage condition. Most present day controllers are structured with the casual situation of the hands as a primary concern, coming about in the â€Å"pronged† plan that lessens irritation and spasms after expanded use, contrasted with more seasoned cushions, for example, the NES or the Sega Master System. There are as yet a huge range of info strategies to make a considerably progressively vivid experience, these include: guiding wheel, pedals, light weapons, move cushions, balance board, angling pole bar, receiver and beat game controllers (drums and guitars). A significant number of these have been explicitly intended to be util ized for a specific game or gaming arrangement, for example, guitar saint for instance. The development of the controller to incorporate more fastens demonstrates that computer games themselves are progressing as more fastens are required to finish various errands inside the game. New info techniques are being created to make the gaming experience progressively agreeable and intuitive, for example, having the option to control the character by body development with sensor cushions or attire, for example, gloves. This sort of information technique can be seen back in the EyeToy for Playstation 2 which utilized a camcorder. Most as of late this market had been overwhelmed with the presentation of the Wii and its absolutely exceptional controls. Many support fabricates have embraced this procedure can be found in the Playstation Move and the Xbox Kinect which both include the player as a methods for controlling the game as opposed to squeezing catches. This methods for input is being pushed forward by numerous individuals of the reassure producers as it evacuates the disgrace of computer games being just for individuals who plunk during unequaled and are sluggish, and they are additionally observed as an option in contrast to working out. The gaming business has created illustrations and sound innovation that can be consolidated as VR (Virtual Reality). A mid 1990s endeavor at a headset for reassure gaming and for specialists, was made by Future Vision Technologies. An advanced model would be the Wii where the controller tracks and sends movement input precisely. There is likewise another VR headset framework being developed structured explicitly for gaming called the Oculus Rift. The headset gives roughly a 110 degree field of view, total head direction following, USB interface and a 1200ãâ€"800 goals with the last purchaser rendition focused on 1920ãâ€"1080. A portion of things to come games that will bolster the Oculus Rift incorporates Doom 4, Strike Suit Zero, Team Fortress 2, Miner Wars 2081, Minecraft and some more. Computer generated reality has consistently been something that was depicted in motion pictures and network shows as something that will be ‘the eventual fate of gaming’. Endeavors at making it in the past have not demonstrated famous outcomes. In any case, it is something which is getting to a greater degree a reality as innovation progresses, despite the fact that whether we will ever arrive at its purpose turning into the standard of gaming is yet to be seen. Programming Development The point of programming advancement is for the most part to arrive at another degree of authenticity or inundation. As preparing force and memory increment, improved craftsmanship and liveliness can be made. This permits pictures and development to be progressively practical. In the beginning of first-individual shooters, non-player characters (NPCs) had the knowledge of pleasantly adjusted rocks. In any case, they’ve been showing signs of improvement of late †look no farther than Half-Life’s narrating NPCs and Unreal Tournament’s magnificent bot AI. The market accomplishment of titles, for example, these has incited designers to invest more energy into AI, so it looks as though more intelligent NPCs will keep on appearing in games. Artificial intelligence specialists infrequently use PC games for their examination, outside of great board and games, for example, chess, checkers, and extension. Perhaps they consider most to be AI issues as straightforward â€Å"engineering† issues. This view has not been totally unjustified in light of the fact that regularly the objective of game AI isn't to make knowledge, however to improve ongoing interaction through the fantasy of wise conduct. A large number of the strategies used to improve the deception of insight have nothing to do with knowledge, however include â€Å"cheats,†, for example, giving game AIs additional creation capacity or the capacity to see through dividers, or â€Å"faking it† by making bots that â€Å"talk† to one another yet totally overlook what is said. There likewise has been a float in AI examine toward issues and approaches where exact experimental assessment is conceivable. Obviously, ongoing interaction isn’t something that today’s AI analysts feel great assessing. In spite of the fact that there is at present a critical hole between game designers and AI specialists, that hole is beginning to close. The unavoidable walk of Moore’s law is beginning to let loose noteworthy handling power for AI, particularly with the approach of designs cards that move the illustrations preparing off the CPU. The additional CPU force will make progressively complex game AI conceivable. In any case, game designers should in any case be careful about AI scientists who state, â€Å"My calculation doesn’t run continuously at this moment, however simply pause. In a couple of more years, I’m sure the preparing force will be there.† A second, similarly amazing power that is shutting the hole is sociological. Understudies who grew up adoring PC games are getting propelled degrees in AI. This has the double impact of carrying game research to colleges and college research to game organizations †as of now there are in any event five AI Ph.D.s at game organizations. Artificial intelligence specialists are finding that building fascinating manufactured characters with regards to PC games is significantly more than only a designing issue. In addition, games give modest, powerful, vivid situations for seeking after huge numbers of the center AI issues. They could be the impetus for a resurrection in examine on human-level AI The last power is the game-playing open, who are beginning to request better AI. With the immersion in the nature of PC designs, better material science and AI are the two technologie

Nevada History

Since ages I have been solidly stood and confirm a few periods of history and have witnessedâ â â â â â â â â various puzzling and bizarre stages that are as yet unrevealed. I am enormous, smooth and notable Battle Mountain. My country is Nevada, which is a territory of USA and is arranged in its West. It’s encompassed by California, Ogre, Idaho, Utah and Arizona. Despite the fact that it is bigger than these states yet has lesser populace. In any case, it has consistently been a state of fascination for the guests as a result of the lovely places like me, the incomparable Battle Mountain. Nevada is a Spanish word which implies â€Å"snow clad†. Much about antiquated Nevada stays ambiguous however there is indication of human uproar in the territory for at any rate 12,000 years.Almost 30 thousand years prior, Nevada was going through the Ice Age alongside the remainder of the west. This was the point at which I used to be secured with ice and my valleys were l oaded with icy masses. Bit by bit, with the dissolving of ice throughout hundreds of years the mountains crawled further away. (Elliot 1987)Anasazis 8000-18000 B.C.:I continued watching when the entirety of this water held the locale that is presently a desert encased with inexhaustible ranch. In this underlying metamorphous period some acclaimed ice age creatures appeared, for example, musk bull, caribou and the mammoth. With the steady liquefying of ice the temperature started to rise and well evolved creatures moved northwards looking for new meadows. The title of first Nevadans went to Anasazi implies â€Å"The Ancient Ones†. None of their remaining parts like bones and so on have been found at this point aside from a couple of creature workmanship works.  The archeologists and geologists have guessed that these old individuals may have lived during 8000 to 18000 B. C. (Elliot, 1987).The Basket Makers 1500 B. C.The next Nevadan progress is alluded to as â€Å"The B asket Makers† in the history, as the finely made bins are the main proof of them rather than any pots or craftsmanship. Utilization of lances, sticks and darts is obvious however no bolts and withdraws from. They existed close to 1500B. C. Several hundreds years after the fact the principal white individuals came around with the bows and bolts. In a similar time in south the crate producers began to develop maize and Indian corn and they likewise started to utilize the bolts and bows. Sometime later they figured out how to make ceramics and with these proceeded with offices they step by step continued towards progress. Their homes were burrowed outs or pits. (Rusco 1975)The Lost City:After another scene of 500 years the Pueblo Indians showed up at Moapa Valley locale, from northern Arizona. They brought the better private strategies as well as began the horticulture of squashes, cotton and beans. The Pueblo mixed with the Basket Makers, yet it's unrevealed that whether a ny of them was a captor or it was a tranquil join.â a definitive result was, anyway the arrangement of â€Å"Pueblo Grande de Nevada† or the famous Lost City. At its peak, the Lost City reached out for a few miles.  It involved rural fields and human settlements dissipated everywhere throughout the valley. It included homestead lands, distant little homes and towns dissipated through the valley for a significant distance. (Rusco 1975)The first Whiteman: As, I follow back my memory Nevada was the last district of the coterminous United States to be found. The historical backdrop of Nevada took a turn when the first Whiteman, however, not American came to there in 1776. He was Fray Fransico Garces and a quick improvement began occurring. (Glass 1981)During that year, Franciscan teachers may have into the most distant southern part while looking for a course to join the Spanish towns of New Mexico with settlements of California. Further experience was started following fif ty years, by British and American hide shippers and trappers. The fearless dealer Peter Skene Ogden, who had a place with Hudson's Bay Company, went over the current northern limit of the state in 1820.Ogden found the Humboldt River in 1828 during his second investigating trip. Roughly simultaneously, in 1826, the American voyager and dealer Jedediah Smith came into southern Nevada on a walk to California. In 1827 he went across Sierra, progressed by method for mid Nevada, and returned to the Great Salt Lake area. Jeddediah Smith is known as the principal American in the region.A gathering of trappers, under the order of Joseph Walker ventured out to California in 1833, through Humboldt and Carson streams. Following 10 years he coordinated wayfarers over nearly the comparable way, setting up a decent component of the track utilized by crude vacationers on their approach to California. After the revelation of gold in California in 1848, a few pioneers went across Nevada on their cour se to the Pacific Coast. Then, as an outcome of his logical excursions during 1843and1844 and 1845and1846, John Charles Fremont achieved a geographic insightful of the area.After examining through the desolate augmentations of Nevada for the unbelievable River Buenaventura, which should stream towards west to the Pacific Ocean, Fremont accepted this was a territory of inner waste, and he pronounced Nevada to be segment of his notable â€Å"Great Basin.†(Stewart 1983)I additionally confirm the time of regional days and early statehood. The area from which Nevada was formed was gotten from Mexico by the Agreement of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. I despite everything recollect the days, it was 1849 when in Carson valley, and the primary European American settlement was built up which was later named as Genoa. Nevada turned into an area of Utah in 1850 when Utah and new California were perceived as regions. In 1859 silver was found in Comstock Lode, which followed an incredible conv ergence of individuals to Nevada. At that point it was proclaimed as a different region in 1861.After right around three years when President Lincoln searched for the help of an abolitionist state, Nevada went to statehood. It was October 31, 1864, which is praised as Nevada’s birthday consistently. In the underlying long periods of statehood mining end up being as an imperative financial factor.â Cultivators and farmers drew in the dominant part accessible cultivating lands. The mining development started to lessen in l873. It was when silver’s costs began to fall on account of being demonetized. Anyway overtiredness of the mines was a causal issue. Thus the state’s populace was decreased by very nearly 1/3 by the start of 1900. (Elliot 1987)Up till now Nevada has experienced surprising upheavals and now it hits a high objective in US the travel industry. In excess of 50 million voyagers visit Nevada consistently delivering a magnificent measure of $ 40 billi on for the travel industry returns. (Nevada Features Stories 2005)Centuries are passing in a steady progression and me The Battle Mountain is as yet remained here to record the obscure further headway of development in my country, Nevada.ReferencesElliot, Russel R. (1987). History of Nevada. second ed.â University of Neb. Press.Glass, Mary E. (1981). Nevada's Turbulent Fifties: Decade of Political and Economic Change.University of Nev. Press.Nevada Features Stories. Recovered April 3, 2008, fromRusco, Elmer R. (1975). Great Time Coming? Dark Nevadans in the Nineteenth Century.Greenwood Press.Stewart, George R. (1983). The California Trail. College of Neb. Press. Nevada History Nevada History Up To 1900Since ages I have been immovably stood and confirm a few periods of history and have witnessedâ â â â â â â â â various baffling and odd stages that are as yet unrevealed. I am enormous, agile and notable Battle Mountain. My country is Nevada, which is a province of USA and is arranged in its West. It’s encompassed by California, Ogre, Idaho, Utah and Arizona. In spite of the fact that it is bigger than these states however has lesser populace. Be that as it may, it has consistently been a state of fascination for the guests in view of the lovely places like me, the incomparable Battle Mountain. Nevada is a Spanish word which implies â€Å"snow clad†. Much about antiquated Nevada stays ambiguous yet there is indication of human upheaval in the territory for in any event 12,000 years.Almost 30 thousand years prior, Nevada was going through the Ice Age alongside the remainder of the west. This was the point at which I used to be secured with ice and my valleys were loaded with ice sheets. Step by step, with the softening of ice over the span of hundreds of years the mountains crawled further away. (Elliot 1987)Anasazis 8000-18000 B.C.:I continued watching when the entirety of this water held the district that is currently a desert encased with bottomless estate. In this underlying metamorphous period some celebrated ice age creatures appeared, for example, musk bull, caribou and the mammoth. With the steady liquefying of ice the temperature started to rise and well evolved creatures moved northwards looking for new meadows. The title of first Nevadans went to Anasazi implies â€Å"The Ancient Ones†. None of their remaining parts like bones and so on have been found at this point aside from a couple of creature craftsmanship works.  The archeologists and geologists have conjectured that these old individuals may have lived during 8000 to 18000 B. C. (Elliot, 1987).The Basket Makers 1500 B. C.The next Ne vadan development is alluded to as â€Å"The Basket Makers† in the history, as the finely made crates are the main proof of them rather than any pots or fine art. Utilization of lances, sticks and darts is clear yet no bolts and retires from. They existed close to 1500B. C.Several hundreds years after the fact the main white individuals came around with the bows and bolts. In a similar time in south the bin creators began to develop maize and Indian corn and they additionally started to utilize the bolts and bows. Sometime later they figured out how to make earthenware and with these proceeded with offices they step by step continued towards human progress. Their homes were burrowed outs or pits. (Rusco 1975)The Lost City:After another scene of 500 years the Pueblo Indi

conflict resolution Essay - 8130 Words

The Dynamics of Conflict Resolution A Practioners Guide Bernard S. Mayer Chapter One The Nature of Conflict We all are of two minds about conflict. We say that conflict is natural, inevitable, necessary, and normal, and that the problem is not the existence of conflict but how we handle it. But we are also loath to admit that we are in the midst of conflict. Parents assure their children that the ferocious argument the parents are having is not a conflict, just a discussion. Organizations will hire facilitators to guide them in strategic planning, goal setting, quality circles, team building, and all manner of training, but they shy away from asking for help with internal conflicts. Somehow, to say that we are in conflict is†¦show more content†¦If I believe us to have incompatible interests, and act accordingly, then I am engaging you in a conflict process whether you share this perception or not. Conflict as Feeling Conflict also involves an emotional reaction to a situation or interaction that signals a disagreement of some kind. The emotions felt might be fear, sadness, bitterness, anger, or hopelessness, or some amalgam of these. If we experience these feelings in regard to another person or situation, we feel that we are in conflict-and therefore we are. As a mediator, I have sometimes seen people behave as if they were in great disagreement over profound issues, yet I have not been able to ascertain exactly what they disagreed about. Nonetheless, they were in conflict because they felt they were. And in conflicts, it does not take two to tango. Often a conflict exists because one person feels in conflict with another, even though those feelings are not reciprocated by or even known to the other person. The behavioral component may be minimal, but the conflict is still very real to the person experiencing the feelings. Conflict as Action Conflict also consists of the actions that we take to express our feelings, articulate our perceptions, and get our needs met in a way that has the potential for interfering with someone elses ability to get his or her needs met. This conflictShow MoreRelated Conflict Resolution Essay1288 Words   |  6 Pages Major conflict that is not dealt with can devastate a team or organization (Make Conflict Work, 2008). In some situations, conflict can be more constructive than destructive. Recognizing the difference between conflict that is constructive to the team and conflict that is destructive to the team is important. Trying to prevent the conflict is not always the best way to manage conflict when working within a team setting. Understanding conflict, what causes it, and how to resolve conflict effectivelyRead MoreConflict Resolution : Conflicts Resolution988 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to conflict resolution there are several ways to handle this. There’ve been several times that I’ve had to deal with conflict resolution. Conflict resolution also has several tips that you can learn to be able to handle a conflict. A conflict resolution can be handled in a positive way or a negative way. What is conflict resolution? In Community Tool Box it states â€Å"Conflict resolution is a way for two or more parties to find a peaceful solution to a disagreement among them. The disagreementRead More Conflict Resolution Essay614 Words   |  3 Pages Conflict Resolution nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What does conflict resolution mean to me? Conflict resolution is when an impartial or neutral person puts a plan into action to resolve and settle issues within an organization or a team. In the business world today a great amount of focus is being placed on employees working as team unit to increase new ideas, distribute more job responsibilities among a larger group, and most important create a unified front and camaraderie. Along with advantagesRead More Conflict Resolution Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pagesprofessional to personal, they are all prone to encountering some form of conflict. John Dewey has designed a problem solving sequence with 6 (six) steps, listed and explained below, to facilitate resolution of these conflicts. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Since the way one deals with conflict within the relationship will affect how the relationship progresses, it is vital that one posse all the necessary skills to resolve conflict in a way that brings satisfaction to everyone involved. Dewey’s stepsRead MoreThe Family Mediation And Conflict Resolution Process4320 Words   |  18 Pagesmediation and conflict resolution process and techniques. The student endeavored on an educational journey to study mediation within the context of families as a means of resolving conflicts without resort to adversarial means such as litigation. 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Personality Types and Development of Adolescents’ Conflict with Friends This study aimed to examine the developmental pattern of adolescents’ conflict frequency and conflict resolution with their best friends, and differences in these developmental changes betweenRead MoreConflict Resolution1281 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Everyone faces conflict in their lives on a daily basis. It is an accepted and expected part of life. Conflict is not a problem in itself - it is what we do with it that counts. You cant avoid conflict in your life, at home, at work, and even at play. Wherever people interact, there is a potential for conflict. That is not bad news because good things can arise, and relationships can improve through conflict, provided conflict is managed with thought and attention. The bad newsRead MoreThird Party Conflict Resolution2113 Words   |  9 PagesThird Party Conflict Resolution MGT/445 Organizational Negotiations March 11, 2013 | | | | Third Party Conflict Resolution

Human Resources Management Of China And Japan - 1815 Words

Management of Human Resources is the backbone of every company in this world. Along with the ideas and principles, it is the workforce of a company which determines its success. In this report, we will compare the different approaches to Human Resources Management that are used in China and Japan. Several HR implications in both the countries will be analysed and the results of this report will predict the future of HRM industry in China and Japan. Background HRM in China The HR market in China has been in distress for the past few years. Job vacancies have not been as high in quite a while and it has created an unwanted record of 10 available jobs per job seeker. Majority of the population is ageing and a further troubling fact indicates†¦show more content†¦There is an emphasis on the worker being politically correct for the company; his adherence to party doctrine played a key role, and was the basis of performance appraisal. Job security and level of wage is not dominated by job performance, but by the reason mentioned above. HRM in Japan Lifelong employment, enterprise unions, and a seniority-based wage and promotion system are some of the traditional features of HRM in Japan. However, with the emergence of international competition the upcoming young generation showing less loyalty are forcing change. A part of the reason is the transition to the service economy, while the ageing workforce has played a significant role too. Japanese firms function by consistently showing high levels of informal communication, with group consensus seen as an emphatic component of corporate success. Nemawashi, which indicates an informal process of quietly laying down the foundation for a particular proposed project by talking to the concerned people, is widely practiced in the modern Japanese firms. Japanese management theory tracks these tendencies to Japanese culture that values collectivism over individualism, and the desire to limit individual responsibility. The organizational practices of democratic decision-making, combined with collective responsibility and minimal status differentiation are mentioned frequently in the literature (Hatvany Pucik, 1981;

Essay on Management Strategies for Retail Market Management

Management Strategies for Retail Market Management The newspaper headlines often bring about a clue regarding the status of the economy on a daily basis. We hear from newscasts on the radio and on the television of distressing news of the market rising and dropping daily and just about every website have news regarding the impending gloom of the economy both locally and globally. Corporations cannot hide from budget cutbacks and organizational restructuring and it is inevitable that any improvement will be for the good of preserving the company. Even though many changes occur during the course of transformation; leaders and managers alike will need to learn how to hold to a quality that keeps the employee and the consumer community†¦show more content†¦This type of market management strategy works well for both the retailer and the product manufacturer. Market Management Premium’s management team consists of a core team that resides at their home office in Chesterfield, Missouri. This team consists of the president and vice president of the company, a human resource team, a technology and logistics department, and account managers. The next team level are recruiting managers and regional managers that are stationed across the country in specific zoned territories and within those territories are market managers positioned throughout the regions. This team has a few functions that are performed by the different levels and job descriptions. Each level has a level of responsibility and set of skills for maintaining effective team relationships with the clients and members. Many tasks are executed by the market managers. By definition, market management is a person who manages the resources in a region for a specific brand or product (Anonymous, Market Manager, 2009). This profession can help make the best use of resources within a set market (Jones and George, 2007). It can provide current and accurate technology for training, product demonstrations, assisted selling, merchandising, and strategic consistency in specific markets. Employees are trained to provide guidance to teams ofShow MoreRelatedFactors Influencing International Fashion Retailers816 Words   |  4 Pages E. and Fiore, A. (2011) Factors influencing international fashion retailers entry mode choice, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 15(1), pp. 58-75. doi: 10.1108/13612021111112340. Summary: The aim of the paper is to provide a theory†based framework that informs a fashion retailer s entry mode choice into a foreign market. The author highlights the need of a unified theoretical framework for entry mode research and integrates four different theories previouslyRead MoreSwot Analysis of Wal-Mart and Carrefour952 Words   |  4 PagesArgosy University SWOT Analysis of Wal-mart and Carrefour SWOT Analysis for Wal-Mart and Carrefour What is a hypermarket? 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Liability for Business Laws and Ethics

Question: Discuss about the Liability for Business Laws and Ethics. Answer: Intrduction: Australian Corporate Bodies have been able to ground themselves well, not only in national markets but also in the global market on the basis of a strong economic infrastructure. The Commonwealth Bank of Australia, playing an exceptional role in developing the banking sector in Australia, is a bank in the general sense of the term; however, it is more than that. According to Commbank.com.au, (2016) The Commonwealth Bank of Australia is involved in several major economic pursuits such as retail, developmental investment, share market investment and superannuation. Developing within the boundaries of the continent it its initial stages, Commonwealth Bank of Australia has now expanded its business in the global market especially in Asia, North America, New Zealand and Europe. The Bank, despite its impressive portfolio does come with couple of issues. Chan, Watson Woodliff, (2014) state that at times the Commonwealth Bank of Australia has failed to meet norms determined for the opportun ity to innovation motto, mentioned in their company policies at the time of balancing with profit making. Coca Cola Amatil is one of the most dominating and profiting corporate body, dealing in the food and beverages. Established as a tobacco company in 1904, the company has a long way to expand its reach in various ways and in the 1960s it took its current shape as it bought the Coca Cola bottle manufacturers. The company deals mostly in the local market, having more than a 20 manufacturing facility and warehouses. Being a part of the food industry the Coca Cola Amatil has inclined towards a few essential corporate social responsibilities. The Coca Cola Amatil aims at providing good quality products, better lifestyle to the extreme possible point. In recent years as mentioned by Andini Simatupang (2014) it has faced many challenges in the market; nevertheless it has faced no serious issues regarding the nutrition values of the beverage that is produced in mammoth numbers, keeping in accordance to the predetermined social corporate responsibilities (Ccamatil.com, 2016). Differences between the two companies in terms of social reports and depth of coverage on special issues: As suggested by Cheng, Ioannou Serafeim, (2014), the social corporate image of any corporate organization casts influence on the mindset of the general populace, channeling the business accordingly and the Australian corporate bodies are no exceptions to this. The norms mentioned and followed by certain corporate bodies are mentioned in their respective social responsibility reports. Dhaliwal et al. (2012), suggest that these reports are made easily accessible to the public with the sole intention being developing a positive atmosphere for business in the guise of mentioning certain roles taken up by the corporate bodies besides earning profit. In the current assignment the chosen organizations are not similar and have different social priorities, resulting in two different social corporate reports. The Commonwealth Bank of Australia highlights its dedication to the development of the education, innovation and good business practices around the globe. The chosen bank has mentioned d etails about cases where the investment plans have resulted in enhancing the standard of education and innovation. The reports give details about the future assumptions and aims foreseen with believe to bring in a positive change. It is worth the mention that the Commonwealth Bank does not disclose the details about the profits it has secured out of the mentioned cases. The corporate social report presented by Coca Cola Amatil focuses mainly on the wellbeing of the consumers, improving living standards by integrating communities and preservation of the environmental balance. The social report mentions all the activities and survey results that show that Coca Cola Amatil has retained the standards expected on the part of the customers. The report also mentions the companys aim in integrating the social fragments with the promotion and popularity of their products on a global scale, especially in Australia. Fogel Elizabeth (2014), mention that the corporate social report of the chosen organization also unfolds details about its manufacturing processes that are less harmful to the environment and are on the verge of bringing in remarkable business standards. A minute observation of the report shows that there is very little importance given to activities that benefit the society directly. Explanation of the differences from different aspects: The Commonwealth Bank of Australia and Coca Cola Amatil are two very different corporate bodies in terms of presence in the market and nature of business policies. The reason behind such differences is easy to comprehend. Huang Zhou Zhu (2012) are of the opinion that a close research on the working framework of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia shows that it has its business expanded beyond the national boundaries of Australia. On the other hand the Coca Cola Amatil generally manufactures in Australia and exports its products to other countries. Brailsford, Handley Maheswaran (2012) highlighted that as the Commonwealth Bank of Australia competes in the national as well as in the international investment market it has to emphasize the power of its investment and mention the best interest of men. As the banking sector is very competitive in its nature, the chosen bank has to mention the its social responsibilities in order to create an unique identity for itself. Contrasting starkly to banking sector, the Coca Cola Amatil produces beverage and also indulges in the packaging of the beverages. According to Ouppara Sy (2012), as the beverages are related to the health and the manufacturing is associated with the idea of environment, the corporate social responsibilities of the mentioned organizations mainly revolves around preservation and environment and health standards. As the banking sector is the work field of the corporate persons and the main is corporeal development of the society the norms of Commonwealth Bank of Australias corporate social responsibilities are less inclined towards nature and health. Coca Cola Amatil products are used generally for regular purposes and is related to issues of food, health and environment, therefore, the chosen organization lays very little emphasis on innovation, education and development of business. Explanation of social accounting approach by Zedak et al. (1997): In order to provide a proper and effective guideline for corporate organizations to frame their respective corporate social reports the 8 criteria of Zedak et al. (1997) has been considered appropriate. The extent to which each chosen organization have followed the 8 criteria has been discussed in the table below Criteria Coca Cola Amatil The Commonwealth Bank of Australia Inclusivity A Sharpe observation and inspection of the organizations working framework show that the organization has developed a good interaction system, thereby justifying the principle of inclusivity in their social report. The organization follows the mentioned criteria in its social report as it provide its stockholders a good communicative system integration. Comparability Coca Cola has been conducting comparative surveys of its product and services over time and has benefitted itself and improved significantly. This criterion is also included in their social report. The bank has developed annual reports in order to compare the statistical data for the betterment of the organization making it evident that the organization is following the mentioned criteria. Completeness This criterion has not been followed by the chosen organization at the time of framing the social report. The organization has not followed the criteria of completeness. The organization is does not include the factors of exceptional talent promotion and employee environment. Evolution Coco Cola Amatil has learnt consistently from the market and has evolved accordingly. Therefore, the mentioned criteria are present in their social report. The chosen organization has evolved over the years to keep up with the global competitors. Management Policies and Systems Apart from the management of the labor in some production facilities, the organization has abided by the mentioned criteria. The social report presented by the Commonwealth Bank of Australia meets the mentioned criteria as it gives ample details about the managing system of the organizational body. Disclosure The terms that involve the benefits and the risks of the business have not been given much importance. The organization follows the criteria of disclosure in a partial manner for there is evidence that the organization hides certain risk factors. External Verification Coca Cola Amatil conducts external verification on regular intervals to get unbiased rating. The bank does not conduct external verification. Continuous Improvement The packaging segment of the organization has gradually improved yet the in order to maintain authenticity the beverage processing is kept as stock as possible. The Commonwealth Bank of Australia has adapted the methods of banking transaction and investment from other banks over the years and in this process it has continually updated and improved itself. Table 1: Explanation of social accounting approach by Zedak et al. (1997) for both the companies (Source: Gray et al. 1997) Thus, it has become clear that both the organizations have been able to follow a proper social accounting approach which resembles the social accounting approach of Zadek et al. (1997). Further, it becomes clear that following the principles of Zadek et al., organizations can be able to have continuous and non constrained growth in their respective industry. Reflection of stated value from the social reports: The corporate social reports presented by organization are meant to provide an overview of the organizations contribution towards the society. Frias?Aceituno, Rodriguez?Ariza Garcia?Sanchez (2013), going in further depths, argue that the details provided in the reports should always follow certain rules; however, in some cases breaching of rules can be seen. The official website of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia shows that the bank has taken up great responsibilities and has made them an integral part of their social responsibilities. Khan, Muttakin Siddiqui (2013), is of the opinion that the sole focus lights up positive change in the educational sector and modern innovation as a result of the health and generous investment policies. Sadly, there are references to more than one case that show that Commonwealth Bank of Australia has rejected requests of capital investments for innovation as well as educational infrastructure development as the projects held less scope for profi t in their disposal. Based n the existence of such cases at hand, it becomes very clear that the Commonwealth Bank of Australias social report is not valued by the organization itself and the terms are taken up lightly. As suggested by Fooks et al. (2013), as the chosen organization plans to enhance the rate of good practice in business and boast innovation it has to shift its focus a little from making profit only. The Coca Cola Amatil does not proved big promises or social bindings in their corporate social report; still the organization has been very successful in retaining the standard with not a single failure or breach of policies. As seen on the company website, detailed social reports are uploaded and are kept for public display. Servaes Tamayo (2013), mention that the reports incorporate details about the company statistics which in terms give a very similar, if not perfect description of the company. The detailed reports show the non business activities, realistic figures and envision future goals on a very realistic basis. Judging from the working technique of the organization and its social reports it can be ascertained that Coca Cola Amatil value their social report to a very large extend. Reflection on group discussion on these companies: In the course of the assignment I took the help of internet and logged into the official websites of the two chosen organization. The corporate social reports provided on the part of both of the organization were enriched in details and were sufficient to form the primary assumption about the level of value, nature of roles and the difference in policies. Being a team of five members I had four other members who helped me in reaching a proper conclusion. My initial assumptions about the chosen organizations was supported by all of them, nevertheless all of them raised question about the social report provided by the Commonwealth Bank of Australia. Some of our team members went on to general queries on the internet and eventually found that the bank has been not abiding its own set of policies for the larger share of profit. As per Shaw Barry (2015), the main purpose of business is to secure profit and for profit and welfare could cause trouble. I argued on the basis of the above men tioned suggestion to defend my initial assumption. In retaliation of my argument I was told that the rejected projects and breached terms had the potential to be avoided if only the Commonwealth Bank of Australia could give relaxation to their margin of profit. According to Henderson (2015) for the larger benefit of the society profitability can be relaxed to a considerable degree and hence needs commitment of the organization. Other members of our team pointed out that Coca Cola Amatil has abided to its social responsibilities as a result of which it has secured less profit in certain cases. I also realized that the figures provided in the Commonwealth Bank of Australias social reports were unrealistic in some cases. Based on these arguments and evidences I considered the opinions of my team mates to be proper and just. I changed my initial assumptions and succeeded in establishing a concrete conclusion. Reference list: Andini, R. A., Simatupang, T. M. (2014). A process simulation of inventory planning and control for Minute Maid Pulpy at Coca-Cola.International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management,17(1), 66-82. Brailsford, T., Handley, J. C., Maheswaran, K. (2012). The historical equity risk premium in Australia: post?GFC and 128 years of data.Accounting Finance,52(1), 237-247. Ccamatil.com. (2017). Our contribution wellbeing. Available from: https://www.ccamatil.com/our-contribution/wellbeing [Retrieved on: 1st January. 2017] Chan, M. C., Watson, J., Woodliff, D. (2014). Corporate governance quality and CSR disclosures.Journal of Business Ethics,125(1), 59-73. Cheng, B., Ioannou, I., Serafeim, G. (2014). Corporate social responsibility and access to finance.Strategic Management Journal,35(1), 1-23. Commbank.com.au. (2017). About us. Available from: https://www.commbank.com.au/about-us.html?ei=mv_about-us [Retrieved on: 1st January. 2017] Dhaliwal, D. S., Radhakrishnan, S., Tsang, A., Yang, Y. G. (2012). Nonfinancial disclosure and analyst forecast accuracy: International evidence on corporate social responsibility disclosure.The Accounting Review,87(3), 723-759. Fooks, G., Gilmore, A., Collin, J., Holden, C., Lee, K. (2013). The limits of corporate social responsibility: techniques of neutralization, stakeholder management and political CSR.Journal of Business Ethics,112(2), 283-299. Frias?Aceituno, J. V., Rodriguez?Ariza, L., Garcia?Sanchez, I. M. (2013). The role of the board in the dissemination of integrated corporate social reporting.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,20(4), 219-233. Gray, R., Dey, C., Owen, D., Evans, R., Zadek, S. (1997). Struggling with the praxis of social accounting: Stakeholders, accountability, audits and procedures.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,10(3), 325-364. Henderson, D. (2015). The Role of Business in the World of Today1.Business, Capitalism and Corporate Citizenship: A Collection of Seminal Essays, 14. Huang, X., Zhou, H., Zhu, H. (2012). Assessing the systemic risk of a heterogeneous portfolio of banks during the recent financial crisis.Journal of Financial Stability,8(3), 193-205. Khan, A., Muttakin, M. B., Siddiqui, J. (2013). Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosures: Evidence from an emerging economy.Journal of business ethics,114(2), 207-223. Ouppara, N. S., Sy, M. V. U. (2012). Quality of Work Life Practices in a Multinational Company in Sydney, Australia.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,40, 116-121. Fogel, D., Elizabeth Palmer, J. (2014). Water as a corporate resource.Journal of Global Responsibility,5(1), 104-125. Servaes, H., Tamayo, A. (2013). The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness.Management Science,59(5), 1045-1061. Shaw, W. H., Barry, V. (2015).Moral issues in business. Cengage Learning.

Elements of Literature

The elements of literature connote the aspects that make up a piece or work of literature such as a poem, biography, prose, epic, story or play. To be able to write a complete work of literature, a writer, poet, or playwright needs to use certain elements of literature to make the work have meaning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Elements of Literature specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The basic elements of literature found in most writings include the plot, setting, character, structure, conflicts, point of view and theme. These elements however differ from the various types of literature work. For example the literature elements found in novels or short stories might differ from those found in poetry or prose (Bhattacharyya, 2010). DiYanni in his work mostly focuses on theme as the main element of literature in his analysis of various works. Theme is the central idea or basic meaning that is underlying in a sto ry, poem, novel or play. The theme is identified in terms of looking at the characters in a literary work or the author’s perspective or view of the literature piece. The theme is seen to reflect the society or world as a whole (Werre, 2003). DiYanni (2007) explores the theme of denial in his comparisons of literature by Faulknet, Miller and Poe. He notes that denial is very prominent in the story of† A Rose for Emily† and in the play â€Å"Death of a Salesman† and in the poem â€Å"The Raven†. Within the play, the story and the poem each, the theme of denial is prominent because of the central character’s refusal to accept the reality. This creates a dreamlike situation that enables them to remain indifferent to the truth about their lives and surroundings. This state of denial is however seen to be a momentary solution to their problems. In his theme analysis of â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, the main character, Emily Grierson is seen to be withdrawn into her own unrealistic dream world. The people in the town she lives in feel that disrupting her unrealistic world will upset her causing her to react in a negative way. When her lover, Homer, tries to threaten her unrealistic world, she kills him and hides his body in an upper bedroom in her house. Homer’s body is discovered well after Emily’s death and funeral (DiYanni, 2007). Diyanni further analyses Emily’s character and her creation of the unrealistic world by looking at her actions that revealed she was in denial. In the story, we are told of how Emily keeps her father’s body for three days denying that he is dead and also denying the townspeople his body.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Her denial was evident in her refusal to believe that her father was dead despite persuasion from doctors and ministers who had called on her t o dispose of the body. Emily’s other denial was that she saw her marriage to Homer Barron and his existence to never have been real. This is evident in the quote: â€Å"The man himself lay in the bed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ The body had apparently once lain in the attitude of an embrace, but now the long sleep that outlasts love has cuckolded him† (DiYanni, 2007, p.84). In the story, the town gets free postal delivery services which require that every town’s member have a mailbox and house numbers attached to their house. All the townspeople agree to have the mailboxes and numbers attached to their houses except Emily. She refuses to get a mailbox and house numbers hanged on her house which is see to be a form of denial. Other than the mail services, she refuses to pay tax to the local government (DiYanni, 2007). The townspeople also experience some denial where in a traditional stance; they claim that Emily is no longer a member of the upper social class because she does not possess the qualities to belong to that group. The townspeople believed the Grierson family held themselves in high esteem, more than what they truly were. The townspeople also deny that they have a right and obligation to inform Emily that there is a foul stench around her house. They withdraw from the reality by covering up the smell with sprinklings of lime around her house and all the outer buildings. The townspeople also deny that Emily and Homer could be in a love relationship because they think it would be improper for a lady like her to have a relationship with a day laborer from the North. They also deny that a lady from the Grierson family with such a high standing in society would take a person like Homer Barron seriously. They even go to the extent of denying the relationship by saying that grief would not cause a real lady to forget her high ranking social status in the town’s society (DiYanni, 2007). DiYanni’s next analysis of the theme of denial is in Miller’s play â€Å"Death of a Salesman. The main character of the play, Willy Loman, lives in a delusional world in which he is successful and adored by the people around him.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Elements of Literature specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Willy’s wife Linda and their two sons, Happy and Biff, support Willy’s unrealistic world because they do not want to disrupt his dreamlike state, claiming that he will eventually realize the truth on his own. Willy’s denial occurs when he denies that he is a mediocre salesman in the first Act of scene three. He claims that he is known in all of New of England in a conversation with his two sons (Diyanni, 2007). He further exaggerates the circumstance of his denial when he claims that he can park his car in any London street and no one would touch it because the police would protect it like it was their own. He also appea rs to be delusional when he claims that he never has to wait in line to see a buyer. Willy’s denial from reality is also evident where he is has an antagonistic view towards anyone or anything that wants to threaten his unrealistic world. This is evident when Willy tells off Bernard for saying that his son is about to fail school and also when he chases his son Biff out of the house for calling Willy a fake after discovering that he has a mistress . Willy’s wife Linda also faces some denial when she refuses to accept the fact that her husband tried to kill himself. These is evidenced where she writes a letter claiming that all the car accidents Willy had been involved were not accidents at all. She first removes and later replaces a rubber hose from behind the water heater that Willy used to try and kill himself with because she feels that removing the hose might insult Willy. Linda also contradicts the self-depreciating remarks that her husband makes. She is noted to say that her husband is the handsomest man in the world and that he doesn’t talk too much, he is just a man with a lively personality. She is also quoted as saying â€Å"There’s nothing to make up dear. You’re doing fine† (DiYanni, 2007). Linda summarizes the things that have pushed her husband into denial as being his old buyers who were also happy to see him and brought him constant business when he was a younger salesman. Now his buyers were either dead or retired. She also says that Willy drives for seven hundred miles without making any money from his long and tiring journey. To counter his wife’s statement about his fruitless sales journeys, Willy lies to his wife that the fifty dollars he borrows from Charley is the salary he makes when he goes on his seven hundred mile journey.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Willy’s sons are also in denial that there is something wrong with their father. They perpetuate Willy’s delusions by playacting out one of their father’s daydreams in which they are both successful businessmen. Happy is seen to be telling his brother about how they are going to sell start a sporting good line known as the Loman Line that will be worth a million dollars. On the other hand, Happy’s brother Biff is pretending to go for a job interview with Oliver who is his former boss. The job will make him to be a successful salesman for sports goods (DiYanni, 2007). When Biff confronts him with the rubber hose he used to try and kill himself with, Willy faces a nervous breakdown. Biff wants his father to acknowledge the fact that he was trying to commit suicide and he also confronts his father on the fact that Willy is not a successful salesman. He wants his father to accept the fact that he is a failure and a thief. In the events that lead up to his dea th, Willy has a last argument with his son after which he drives off in his car and later crashes it. This scene is viewed to be a reflection of Willy driving away from the truth and reality of himself and his mediocre life. The next theme of denial to be analyzed is Poe’s poem â€Å"The Raven†. The narrator of the poem attempts to deny the fact that his love, Lenore, is dead. He is faced with denial when he is made angry by the raven’s declarations that his lover Lenore no longer exists which in the end makes him view the raven as nothing more than just a bird. In stanza two of the poem, the narrator denies that his Love Lenore is gone where he states† Eagerly I wished the morrow; vainly I had sought to borrow from my books surcease of sorrow-sorrow for the lost Lenore† (DiYanni, 2007, p.1173). In the fifth stanza of the poem, the narrator faces denial when he states in the poem that he gazed down the hallway and stood there reveling in the fact tha t his lover was no longer among the living. His denial is in evidence again in the eighth and ninth stanzas when he refuses to accept the fact that he is lonely. The stanzas in the poem also reveal that the presence of the raven is seen to be a distraction from the narrator’s experience of solitude and loneliness after the loss of his lover. His denial of loneliness is also in evidence in the tenth stanza where he believes that the raven will leave at some point, likening its departure to that of his friends, his hopes and dreams. The narrator is in denial when he refuses to accept the fact that the raven is only just a bird. This is evident in the fifteenth and sixteenth stanza where he labels the raven to be a prophet of doom. He also likens the bird to a fiend and a devil. DiYanni compares the different characters of the play, poem and story noting that the narrator of the poem, Emily Grierson and Willy Loman are all similar in that they allow outside influences and their unrealistic worlds to affect their decisions. DiYanni also notes that all the three characters are lonely with the narrator being lonely from the death of his lover, Emily Grierson loosing both her father and Homer and Willy being the lone salesman trying to make a living. The characters are also lonely in that they live in their own delusional worlds which make it difficult for them to relate with the other characters in their lives, creating situations that are filled with tension and antagonism (DiYanni, 2007). The aspect of the main characters in the play, poem and story placing some distance between them and the truth creates a situation where they are unreceptive and antagonize anyone who tries to threaten and distort the truth about their unrealistic world. In each of the three works, death is seen to be a consequence of each characters extreme denial. In the case of Willy, the removal of denial from his life in the play gives him the motivation to commit suicide. Emily Grier son murders Homer as a result of a withdrawal from her unrealistic life while the narrator looses his sanity when he strains himself to question the reality of the raven (DiYanni, 2007), Another similarity of the three works is seen when the family of Willy helps to perpetuate his fantasies because they believe they have no right to interfere with his unrealistic world. This is similar to when the townspeople help to perpetuate Emily’s delusions. All the three characters deny reality because the truth to them will mean having to reevaluate their ambitions, goals, priorities which would mean redefining their happiness. Emily, Willy and the narrator use physical and violent outbursts as a way of showing their defiance and resistance to the fictional and factual true predicaments of their lives. The three characters also run from the truth about their unrealistic worlds by either committing murder as was the case with Emily killing Homer or committing vehicular suicide as done b y Willy or becoming mentally insane as evidenced by the narrator questioning whether the raven was truly a bird (DiYanni, 2007). The theme of denial in most of the works analyzed by DiYanni has revealed the fact that the character in focus by the author will most often face denial in the form of refusing to accept that their surroundings are real. The characters also refuse to accept that the existence of their friends and family members are real. They refuse to deal with their emotions and deny any confrontations with the people that are close to them. The characters are seen to violently refuse any person or thing that tries to threaten their world or alter their chosen view of reality. An intrusion into their dreamlike worlds results in disastrous consequences which are more than likely death or suicide. References Bhattacharyya, A. (2010) Elements of Literature. Web. DiYanni, R. (2007) Literature, reading fiction, poetry, and drama. 6th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill. Werre, P. (2003) The elements of literature. Web. This essay on Elements of Literature was written and submitted by user Peyton C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Two american Dreams essays

Two american Dreams essays In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, many themes are enclosed; the most salient of these themes is related to the American Dream. The American Dream is based on the idea that any person, no matter what they are, can become successful in life by his or her hard work. The dream also embodies the idea of a self-sufficient person, an entrepreneur making it successful for themselves. The Great Gatsby is about what happened to the American Dream during the 1920s, an era when the dream had been corrupted by the relentless pursuit of wealth. In this novel, the pursuit of the American Dream and the pursuit of a romantic dream are the ultimate causes of the downfall of the books title character, Jay Gatsby. Throughout the story, Jay Gatsby avoids telling the truth of his hard, unglamorous childhood. He does this to keep his superficial image of himself and to save himself from the embarrassment of being in a state of poverty during his youth. His parents were lazy and unsuccessful peop le who worked on the farm, and because of this Gatsby never really accepted them as his parents. Jay Gatsbys real name is James Gatz and he is from the very unexciting North Dakota. He changed his name to Jay Gatsby when he was seventeen years old, which was the beginning of his version of the American Dream. In all realities Gatsby arose from his Platonic view of himself, the idealistic self-view that a seventeen year old boy has of himself (Fitzgerald 104). Though concealed for most of the story, Gatsbys embarrassing childhood is a major source of determination in his attempt to achieve the American Dream. During Gatsbys early adulthood, he joined the army. He first met Daisy when he was at Camp Taylor and he and some other officers stopped by her house. He initially loved Daisy because of her extraordinary house and because many other men had been with her already. One evening in October, during 1917, Gatsby fell in love with Dai...

Outsourcing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Outsourcing - Essay Example This business format demands a website which enables Lisa and Mark to gather goods from manufacturers, for instance, Stu Rees, 37, who dwells in Santiago. Similar to Mark and Lisa, Stu Rees is an attorney with inclination and love for cartooning. He undertakes the outsourced designing for Billable Hours cards. The company also outsources some of its works to professionals in Greece and Canada very cheap rates. The company considered the option of outsourcing its job to online experts due to challenges of having permanently employed staffs. Allocation of jobs online is much quick and effortlessly manageable as compared to having permanent staff members. While most small business experience fluctuating income and are much more exposed to risks such loses. The company notes that outsourced jobs are effectively conducted delivered within the timeframe desirable to business conditions. Currently, Billable Hour is a small business that Lisa can manage singly, but even as it expands Lisa notes that would resist the test of hiring new workers due to: workers health benefits, state payroll taxes , compensation insurance and compliance work place requirements. The qualitative factors that have prompted the company to outsource its jobs originate from the employment challenges directed by the current policies on labor process in America. The hurdles are ritualistically high and cannot be adopted by emerging firms. Similarly, people growingly desire to be independent and managed own firms. This was triggered by the unexpected turn of events under which many people were rendered jobless after economic downfall. Uniquely, Billable Hour deals with soft copy goods that easily deliverable by internet technology. The internet infrastructure exposes it to a wide variety of market players that contribute hugely to the design and successful growth of the company. This model of outsourcing also ensures allocation only

Analysis of the Allegory Of The Cave, Delphic Quest, and Aristotle's Essay

Analysis of the Allegory Of The Cave, Delphic Quest, and Aristotle's On The Soul - Essay Example Eventually a prisoner is released and the allegory details his progression out of the cave and into higher states of knowledge. It’s abundantly clear that the prisoners shackled in the cave represent humans at beginning stages of cognitive knowledge. Plato urges the reader to consider the prisoners’ predicament in terms of knowledge, ‘Now consider what would happen if their release from the chains and the healing of their unwisdom should come about in this way.’ As the prisoner is released from the shackles and realizes that the fire and statues have caused the shadows, he has then metaphorically passed from the imagining stage of reason to the belief stage, as evidenced in N. Jordan’s chart. However the prisoner is still unaware of the world outside the cave and as he exits the cave he gradually becomes privy to a higher stage of cognitive development, â€Å"At first it would be easiest to make out shadows, then the images of men and things reflected in water, and later on the things themselves. After that, it would be easier to watch the heavenly bodies and the sky itself † As the prisoner exits the cave, man is correspondingly shown to have entered the thinking stage of cognitive development, where mathematical concepts are implemented through reason to construct and understand the world. The prisoner then enter the final stage of cognitive development where they witness the actual objects that witness the cave from the outside, the actual objects that cause the reflections in the water, and ultimately the sun itself, â€Å"And now he would begin to draw the conclusion that it is the sun that produces the seasons and the course of the year and controls everything in the visible world.† This final stage is the Form of the Good, this seems to correspond to Plato’s concept of the idealized forms and Socrates concept that the unexamined life is not worth living, to conclude that the

Night of Scorpion Essay Example for Free

Night of Scorpion Essay Night of the scorpion written by Nissim Ezkiel is an interesting poem and the poet brings about a very appealing contrast between good and evil in it; altogether giving the poem an essence of equality. The poet makes it a trouble-free task for the readers to visualize the scenes with the appropriate use of various imageries. He has also done a marvelous work of adding various different senses into the poem. All the senses, visual, smell, internal feelings and sound have been included. In this poem we can see the scenes vividly with the help of lines like,† †¦to crawl beneath a sack of rice,† and,† Peasants came like swarm of flies. Nissim Ezekiel is able to keep are mind alive and engaged the entire duration of the poem with the help of lines like,† Peasants came like swarm of flies. † When we read this line, we know that it is a simile and it help us to see how the peasants came along. But when think deeper we realize that it also shows us that the narrator does not admire the kind of care that the villagers are showing, he just wants them to leave him and his family alone. The reason the villagers are compared to flies is to show exactly how exasperating they are and that they are not welcome, just like flies. The poet has made this poem complex, which is always a good thing. This can be proved because to describe the scorpion he uses words like â€Å"diabolical† and â€Å"The Evil One† which show it as a demonic creature. On the other hand he also used lines like,â€Å" driven him to crawl beneath a sack of rice† and â€Å"†¦ risked the rain again,† which brings about a contradiction as this line shows that the scorpion is not at all the villain, it is simply scared. Among the many figures of speech used in this poem onomatopoeia is one of them. He has used this figure of speech efficiently, enabling us to hear the constant noises that were made. The poet write that the villagers â€Å"buzzed the name of god† which again stresses on the point that the noise and commotion being made by the villagers was not at all welcome. The poet further draws the interest of the reader by using a figure of speech to convey this message and not doing it directly. He has also written â€Å"They clicked their tongues,† which is another instance of onomatopoeia. The element of smell is brought about because the poet has introduced candles and burning oil in lanterns in his poem as well. Nissim Ezekiel has made the mother’s experience of getting bitten by the scorpion sound excruciating and eternal. He has conveyed this by using some very descriptive writing, example, â€Å"May the poison purify your flesh of desire, and your spirit of ambition,† Nissim Ezekiel successfully built the tense atmosphere by using just a short sentence,â€Å" My father, sceptic, rationalist, trying every curse and blessing,† There is also an instance in which the poet uses alliteration,â€Å" I watched the flame feeding on my mother. This line has also been able to build up the complex nature of the poem because of its dual meaning. We can simply say that the ‘flame’ refers to flame of the paraffin or we can also say that ‘flame’ refers to the scorpion’s poison. The poem ends sanguinely, with the mother surviving and being thankful to god for making her suffer and not her children. After all the tense moments of pain, suffering, torture and fear, the poem has a very touching and warm ending which proves the mother’s love for her children.

Themes of the Odyssey :: essays research papers

Throughout the Odyssey there are many themes that Homer uses to portray different people and events. To name a few, there are the themes of Betrayal and Revenge,Greed and Glutony, Hospitality, Role of the Gods and Wealth (the amount of money one had determined the status he held in the greek society, and this explains Odysseus's love for plunder). To start with the most common one, the role of the gods, one can see many such allusions thrown all over the odyssey. The epic poem starts in Mt.Olympus where the gods are discussing what will happen to Odysseus , Master mariner and warrior of Ithaka. As it so happens he is on the island of Kalypso, one of the lesser gods. Also, as Odysseus travels, one learns about the role of the gods in not only his travels but other peoples ones too. Agisthos, the man who stole Agamemnon's wife and killed him, was sent a message from Zeus by Hermes, giving him the information of what will happen if he kills him. Also, Menelaus, the red haired king of war, had to wrestle with a sea-god in order to gain acceptance and sail all the way back to his homeland of Sparta, and find news about the rest of his companions. He would not find out about his brothers demise until he got home. The next two themes are interelated, Betrayal and Revenge, with Greed and Glutony.THe gods punish those who show greed and glutony, but that does not mean that they cannot be punished as well. A prime example of this is when Posiedon is out feasting among the 'sun-burnt' races that were deemed to be his own. While he was feasting, Odysseus escaped the island of Kalypso, something that Poseidon did not like and was to late to stop from happening. While he was being gluttanos and eating all that food, Odysseus had escaped. Another example would be the murder of Agamemnon. Agisthos was greedy and wanted money and status, as well as Agamemnon's wife and Agamemnon's wife betrayed Agamemnon when she went off with him and even more so when they both killed him. However, the theme of Betrayal is often closely followed by the theme of Revenge. Agamemnon's son, Orestes, would go back and avenge his father's death, killing Agisthos and his mother even though later on in greek mythology he knew he would be punished for killing her.

Compagnie du Froid Analysis Essay

Memorandum Campagnie Du Froid is a summer ice-cream business founded in 1985 by the father of Jacques Truman. In 2007, after the passing of his father, Jacques Truman took over the business and emphasized an aggressive growth strategy. By 2009, Campagnie Du Froid was a market leader in the eastern part of France, northeastern coast of Spain, and northern Italy. Each region had its own manager and the main headquarters was located in Paris. Jacques believed decentralizing the decision making as much as possible. Each region had its own manufacturing, marketing, distribution and sales organization. The central office took care of accounting, developing of new products, and sharing of learning experiences across the regions. Each year Jacques met with the regional managers to discuss a profit plan for each region. The profit plans laid out regional goals for the upcoming year and were used as a tool to monitor performance. During the summer months, a profit statement every two weeks was generated and sent to Jacques in order to detect any major problems. The France region is run by Jean Pinoux and had performed exceptionally well in 2009 with profits above budget and sales increasing by 20% from the previous year. Jean had stumbled across a new source of revenue in which he helped deliver packaged food for regional producers using the company’s refrigerated trucks. The incremental cost to provide the service was very low and was seen by Jean as a simple way to increase revenue. Jacques was surprised by Jean’s new initiative, but acknowledged the profit potential in the distribution business. Pierre Giraux is the manager of the Italian region. The 2009 sales goals were met and Pierre had expanded business into most of the western Italian coast, but suffered from higher wages and lower efficiency than expected, which hindered performance of the region. Andres Molas is the manager of the Spanish region and his performance had been outstanding up until 2009. There had been many problems that sprung up in 2009 causing the performance of the Spanish region to decline. The first  problem was the new machines weren’t working correctly until late August which caused them to run out of capacity several times. The Spanish division had to import product from the French division at a transfer price of full cost plus 5% profit for the manufacturer. On top of that, the Spanish division had to absorb expenses of people traveling to France to fit the Spanish packaging to the French production line. Lastly, there were unseasonably cold temperatures that had driven down tourism and demand. As a result, Andres had to cut prices in order to stimulate demand and keep with competition. Traditionally, each manager was given the same bonus of 2% of corporate profits, but the results in 2009 challenged the fairness of this evaluation system. The Spanish region performed extremely poor and had driven down company’s profits to the lowest it’s been in ten years. Jacques thought it was unfair for the French and Italian managers to pay for the problems of the Spanish region but wasn’t sure Andres Molas was to blame for the poor results. Jacques Truman needs to make many decisions regarding the evaluation and performance of each region. In order to properly evaluate the difference between the expected profit versus the actual profit in the Italian region, a causal analysis was conducted on the Italian region. The causal analysis in Exhibit 1 allowed us to better understand the Italian business. First, we evaluated the impact of the change in sales volume. The sales volume variance (Flexible budget in Euros – Static Budget in Euros) produced a sales variance of â‚ ¬119 for Ice Cream sales and â‚ ¬34 for Specialty sales; this represented a profit variance of â‚ ¬58. While the sales volume variance is important, it is also important to understand the amount of sales growth that is attributed to the temperature change versus actual performance of the business. There was â‚ ¬19 worth of growth strictly from the change in temperature between both ice cream sales and specialty sales. The profit side of the causal analysis resulted in a â‚ ¬8 variance attributed to the temperature change and a â‚ ¬5 0 variance related to performance which resulted in a total volume for profit increase of â‚ ¬58. The change in prices also had an impact on the Italian region’s expected and actual profit because the â‚ ¬7 total sales variance  represented an increase of â‚ ¬7 profit for the actual profit. The â‚ ¬7 variance was calculated by the favorable â‚ ¬20 variance for ice cream sales and an unfavorable variance of â‚ ¬13 for specialty sales (â‚ ¬20-â‚ ¬13=â‚ ¬7). This proves that the Italian region can charge slightly more for their ice cream sales given the increase in demand, while the increase in demand of the specialty product could be more attributed to the decrease in price. Overall, the change in pricing came out to make a positive impact on the Italian region’s profit. The cost of raw materials impacted the actual profit through the price variance and the quantity variance of the direct materials. Using the level 3 analysis, it was determined that the price variance was favorable â‚ ¬46 and the quantity variance was unfavorable â‚ ¬17 which represented a flexible budget variance of favorable â‚ ¬29. This impacts the profit because the Italian region was very efficient with their costs of direct materials, but the Italian region came up short in their manufacturing efficiencies as they experienced an unfavorable quantity variance of â‚ ¬17. An overall favorable flexible budget variance of â‚ ¬29 represents a positive impact on the profit for direct materials. The cost of labor impacted the actual profit through the rate variance and the efficiency variance of the direct labor. Using the level 3 analysis, it was calculated that there was an unfavorable rate variance of â‚ ¬2 and an unfavorable efficiency variance of â‚ ¬11. This impacts the profit because the Italian region paid more for their labor than expected, which turned into an unfavorable variance of â‚ ¬2; this variance is related to the changes in the prices of labor. Also, the Italian region was not as efficient with their labor forces which showed in the unfavorable efficiency variance of â‚ ¬11; this is related to the labor efficiency of the workforce. Overall, the impact of the direct labor was negative to the profit as the Italian region was both inefficient and paid more per labor hour than estimated. The fixed costs impacted the actual profit by having an unfavorable variance of â‚ ¬20. This shows that the Italian region was slightly less cost conscious with some of their fixed costs and this negatively impacted the profit. After considering all of the different components of the profit of the Italian region through a causal analysis, the Italian region experienced a favorable variance of â‚ ¬58 on their overall profit. The manager of the Italian region should be evaluated relative to multiple criteria to gain a holistic view of his region’s performance. In order to compare the three regions together, causal analyses were performed for each region, see Exhibits 1-3. The first crucial measure should be sales growth, and this goes for all regions, not just the Italian region. Sales growth year-over-year is crucial to any business because businesses become more expensive to run as time goes on due to inflation. It is best to look at sales quantities relative to changes in price because if you were to just look at changes in quantity sold, the manager could steeply decrease the price just to make his or her performance look stronger. The next crucial measure should be price and quantity variance. Price variance shows how strong of a negotiator a manager is with suppliers, which can result in huge cost savings. Quantity variance shows how efficient workers are in producing products. A favorable qu antity variance evidences workers are not creating much scrap, and therefore are saving money. Another key indicator of manager performance is labor efficiency variance because it shows how productive workers are when producing product. A strong labor efficiency variance shows that the manager is staying on top of workers and demanding consistently strong performance from them. We do not believe that much weight should be put on labor rate variance because the manager often has little control due to unionization and government regulations within the area of operation. The above measurements of effectiveness of the Italian region and more specifically, the Italian manager can be found in Exhibit 1 which breaks down the relevant variances in determining the appropriate evaluation of the Italian manager. The more specific-scope variances mentioned are shown in Exhibit 6. All of the above tie into the bigger picture variances, which are the flexible-budget variance and the sales-volumes variance, which are shown in Exhibit 5 for Italy in 2009. These then roll into the static-budge t, which determines if a manager met the profit plan for the region, which is shown in Exhibit 4 for Italy in 2009. This gives a rather vague view, and can sometimes distort how a manager truly performed unless the variances that roll into it are investigated further. Both the manager of the French region and Spanish region should be judged on  similar criteria as the Italian region manager besides a few small nuances that France and Spain have in their operations. All of the measurements mentioned above in analyzing the Italian region manager’s performance should be used for France and Spain, as these measurements provide the same value no matter the region. A causal analysis for both France and Spain were conducted and can be found in Exhibits 2 and 3, respectively. For France, the more specific scope variances, flexible-budget and sales-volume variances, and the static-budget variance are shown in Exhibits 9, 8 and 7, respectively. For Spain, the more specific scope variances, flexible-budget and sales-volume variances, and the static-budget variance are shown in Exhibits 12, 11 and 10, respectively. France’s revenue from distribution should be taken out of all variance analyses it is considered in because the other regions do n ot have this service in place, and it would distort the view of relative performance. Also, France’s revenue should not include the 5% markup for transferring product to Spain because this is an intercompany sale and is not based on France’s customer demand but instead is based on Spain’s. We believe it is therefore necessary to remove the 5% markup from the purchase price for Spain because this will cause a heavily unfavorable price variance for direct materials. We feel that it is best to instead take this as a qualitative judgment in the manager’s performance in the sense that sales are outpacing inventory. It can also be noted that competitors have generally shown to steeply decrease market prices when demand weakens, but we feel this is best to account for qualitatively instead of through what seems to be an arbitrary measure of change in sales relative to temperature. It should be the regional manager’s job to address the decrease in the demand instead of have it be excused due to temperature change. In evaluating performance, it can be noted that the conditions did not allow for demand as strong as in other regions, but should not allow for a manager’s performance to be comparable to a region with widely stronger sales. Please note the standards used for Compagnie du Froid are listed in Exhibit 13. Based on our analysis of each of the regions’ performance for the year of 2009 and other important information, we believe that Italy’s regional manager did the best job. First and foremost, the region exceeded profit  expectations are set forth in the profit plan, as shown in Exhibit 6. Italy also earned favorable variances relative to both the flexible-budget variance and the sales-volume variance. The more specific-scope variances were strong as well with the only major weakness being in the quantity variance for ice-cream, but the strength of the other variances outweighs this one significant weakness that can easily be improved through training or overall experience. The direct labor efficiency variance is the only relatively weak variance, however Mr. Trumen noted that new machines were causing labor efficiency issues. It was mentioned that this was included in the profit plan already, however it can be expected that this variance will fluctuate until the equipment begins running normally. Revenue growth also exceeded expectations, which as mentioned earlier, is key to growing any business and maintaining positive cash flows. There are three main problems that Jacques Truman appears to be facing. The first problem involves whether or not to change how much each manager receives as a bonus. Each manager’s bonus is currently calculated at a fixed 2% of corporate profits but after the poor performance of the Spanish division during 2009 has Jacques considering new ways to evaluate each manger’s bonus. Jacques is considering whether to link each manager’s bonus to a performance measure such as a profit plan, revenue growth, or some overall economic measure of results. A second problem is how to calculate transfer pricing from one division to another. The Spanish division was charged full cost plus a 5% profit margin from the French division. Andres Molas believed this was way too much for a transfer price and in turn made his division look bad. Jacques needs to decide for current and future purposes on how to handle transfer pricing in case of a similar event happening again. The third problem involves whether or not to allow Jean Pinoux of the French division to continue providing the distributing services to regional food producers. Jean claims the distributing services add extra revenue with very little incremental cost. Jacques needs to decide whether Jean’s claims of the distributing services are true. After careful analysis of all three problems, we’ve developed some recommendations for Jacques Truman to consider. Our first recommendation involves implementing a new way to calculate the performance bonuses managers receive at the end of  each year. We don’t believe that every manager should simply receive 2% of corporate profits. Each manager’s performances can be measured by a variety growth metrics and budget variances while also taking qualitative factors into consideration. The growth metrics that should be considered are things like sales growth year-to-year and sales quantities relative to changes in price. Varian ces that should be considered are: price variance, quantity variance, and labor efficiency variance. Qualitative factors such as unseasonal temperature changes and intercompany transfer of product should also be taken into consideration. For reasons discussed earlier, we believe considering these metrics will give the most accurate view of each manager’s performance. Using these benchmarks will allow Campagnie Du Froid to calculate a more appropriate performance bonus for each manager. The second recommendation involves how transfer prices should be calculated between divisions. Assuming there are no capacity constraints at the French division because of the two new machines it just bought, transfer pricing should be set at the variable cost per litre of â‚ ¬2.76. When the French division has excess capacity, there is no opportunity cost to be lost and it should be indifferent for them to make these extra units for the Spanish division. Fixed costs don’t need to be added to the transfer price because they will be incurred regardless and the 5% profit margin is unnec essary because all profits eventually go to corporate. This will cut transfer costs for the Spanish division by â‚ ¬0.77per litre and â‚ ¬459,000 total. This type of transfer pricing will be beneficial to the buying division in the future and allow it to spend less when it runs into these types problems. The third recommendation involves the new distribution arrangements that Jean Pinoux wants to engage in the French division. In 2009, revenues from distribution were â‚ ¬79,000. The incremental costs for delivery expenses were â‚ ¬47,000 and â‚ ¬3,000 for depreciation of the trucks. The revenues from distribution outweigh the incremental costs by â‚ ¬29,000; therefore we recommend the French division continues with the new distribution arrangements. We believe these recommendations will help Campagnie Du Froid become a more efficient and profitable company.